I had a slightly similar but far less serious situation recently.
I was applying for a passport renewal. I'd recently been given one of those pre paid debit cards with £125 on it, so I decided to use that to pay for the passport. I filled in the form, enclosed my photos, and gave the gift card as payment details.
A couple of days later, I lost the card from my pocket while out on a run. I called the card providers and they cancelled the card and sent out a replacement.
I was expecting to hear from the passport office to say they couldn't take payment, but nothing happened and then my passport arrived. I checked the balance on the replacement card and nothing had been taken off.
A few weeks later, I was sent an invoice from the passport office, and they will cancel the passport if I don't pay up, so it's all going to balance out in the end, but I am surprised how that got through.