I presume we were late because "mitigation" was the strategy before the UCL model scared the crap out of everyone and we moved to "suppression".
The major failure in this whole shambles, was clearly the delay in lockdown, if the plan is to suppress you have to do it early, with a virus that was seeing cases double every 3 days or so it makes a huge difference to mortality, and it also leaves you with lower case numbers and a more manageable exit from lockdown at the back end.
You combine that with the failure to protect the vulnerable in care homes, and more than that to negligently seed infected people back into those care homes untested and you end up with the situation we find ourselves in.
We were relatively lucky in that we had more warning of the virus hitting Europe than the likes of Italy had, and more time to respond, but it was sadly wasted.