Author Topic: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?  (Read 101316 times)

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #440 on: January 23, 2018, 04:15:43 pm »
New Caledonian crows spontaneously make hooks out of plant material, using them to "fish" for grubs and spiders.

The earliest human-made fishing hooks - from about 23,000 years ago - were one of the most significant technological milestones.

The archaeologists, who unearthed these seashell-carved hooks in a cave on the Japanese island of Okinawa, said this early "maritime technology" had allowed humans to survive on islands.

Lead researcher on the crows study, Prof Christian Rutz, told BBC News: "[Our invention of fish hooks] was incredibly recent - only 1,000 generations ago, which is an eye-blink in evolutionary terms.

"When you think that we went in that 1,000 generations from crafting fish hooks to building space shuttles - that's absolutely mind-boggling."

Understanding what drove the crows' tool-manufacturing provides Prof Rutz and his colleagues with a unique and valuable "non-human model" to investigate the origins of this fundamental step in human progress.

"When I see these crows making hooked tools, I have a glimpse of the very foundations of a technology that is evolving," Prof Rutz said.

Juan Lapuente, an ecologist from Wurzburg University in Germany, who studies primate tool-use, said the tool-making and tool-using behaviour in crows was "amazing".

He added: "We tend to assume that the closer an animal is to us, the more intelligent it should be and thus we understand more easily that primates and especially the chimpanzees make and use tools.

"But we have to be more humble and accept that many 'small-brained' animals are intelligent enough to make and use tools and sometimes are even more proficient at this task than our cousins."

Prof Rutz said that while he could only speculate about the future development of crow-made tools, he did not think making these hooks was "the end of the story" for the birds.

"I think this species will come up with even better tools," he said.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #441 on: January 30, 2018, 03:07:23 pm »
If it was the lion that pulled the trigger, then the answer to the OP is 'more than we think'. Still, nice to see a bit of karma.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/big-game-hunter-shot-dead-lion-aim-pero-jelinic-croatia-south-africa-a8184576.html



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Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #442 on: February 22, 2018, 04:18:42 pm »
Cross post from our Cormac McCarthy thread. I'm not a huge fan of the God angle but otherwise it fits in here.


Extract from Whales and Men by Cormac McCarthy

This unpublished screenplay is a dialogue-driven work about the nature of whales. Unfortunately for all of us, it is only available in the Cormac McCarthy Papers in the Southwestern Writers Collection at Texas State University.

http://lithub.com/a-literary-history-of-whales/


“Whales have been evolving for thirty million years. To our one million. A sperm whale’s brain is seven times the size of mine… The great size of his body has little to do with the great size of his brain, other than as a place to keep it. I have What If fantasies… What if the catalyst or the key to understanding creation lay somewhere in the immense mind of the whale? … Some species go for months without eating anything. Just completely idle.. So they have this incredible mental apparatus and no one has the least notion what they do with it. Lilly says that the most logical supposition, based on physiological and ecological evidence, is that they contemplate the universe… Suppose God came back from wherever it is he’s been and asked us smilingly if we’d figure it out yet. Suppose he wanted to know if it had finally occurred to us to ask the whale. And then he sort of looked around and he said, “By the way, where are the whales?”

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #443 on: March 19, 2018, 11:51:15 pm »
Tiny Stilts for Some Ants, Amputated Legs for Others. Here's Why.

Their title, not mine. Not sure how I feel about their methods but the result is astounding.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #444 on: April 4, 2018, 11:22:04 am »
Birds get their internal compass from this newly ID’d eye protein

‘Sixth sense’ lets zebra finches and European robins navigate using Earth’s magnetic field

Birds can sense Earth’s magnetic field, and this uncanny ability may help them fly home from unfamiliar places or navigate migrations that span tens of thousands of kilometers.

For decades, researchers thought iron-rich cells in birds’ beaks acted as microscopic compasses (SN: 5/19/12, p. 8). But in recent years, scientists have found increasing evidence that certain proteins in birds’ eyes might be what allows them to see magnetic fields (SN: 10/28/09, p. 12).

Scientists have now pinpointed a possible protein behind this “sixth sense.” Two new studies — one examining zebra finches published March 28 in Journal of the Royal Society Interface, the other looking at European robins published January 22 in Current Biology — both single out Cry4, a light-sensitive protein found in the retina. If the researchers are correct, this would be the first time a specific molecule responsible for the detection of magnetic fields has been identified in animals.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #445 on: April 25, 2018, 02:06:01 pm »
Reading this at the moment, very interesting.


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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #446 on: April 27, 2018, 11:15:18 am »

Offline princeoftherocks

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #447 on: April 27, 2018, 08:51:25 pm »
"Researchers at Yale University have restored circulation to the brains of decapitated pigs, and kept the organs alive for several hours.

Their aim is to develop a way of studying intact human brains in the lab for medical research.

Although there is no evidence that the animals were aware, there is concern that some degree of consciousness might have remained."



http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-43928318
dios esta buena

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #448 on: April 30, 2018, 11:55:37 pm »

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #449 on: May 1, 2018, 01:56:05 pm »

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #450 on: May 2, 2018, 02:00:29 pm »
Ravens Remember People Who Have Wronged Them, Study Says

Researchers in Austria conducted behavior tests on nine captivity-bred ravens and found that ravens were more likely to work with people who have not cheated them. Under an established exchange system, the birds were given bread and were allowed to swap the piece of bread with experimenters for cheese. Some of the experimenters gave the ravens cheese for the bread, while others ate the cheese in front of the birds after they had given up the bread.

That led ravens in later experiments to choose to trade with the reliable and “fair” researcher who had not betrayed them over experimenters who ate the cheese.

The researchers say the study shows ravens “possess an array of sophisticated cognitive mechanisms involved in memory.”

“Our results show that ravens can remember, after a single interaction sequence, who is worth cooperating with in the future,” the study said.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #451 on: May 17, 2018, 09:21:54 am »
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/16/ukraine-claims-dolphin-army-captured-by-russia-went-on-hunger-strike

Ukraine is home to some of the more adventurous military blue-sky thinking, mostly hangovers from the Soviet era. As well as a 160-metre high, 500-metre long radar that was supposed to be able to warn of nuclear attack, it also has a secret programme that trains sea mammals to carry out military tasks. Ukraine has a dolphin army at the Crimean military dolphin centre, trained and ready for deployment.

Or at least it did, but after the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, the dolphins were captured. Ukraine demanded their return, but Russian forces refused. Some believed the Russians were planning to retrain the dolphins as Russian soldiers, with a source telling Russian agency RIA Novosti that engineers were “developing new aquarium technologies for new programmes to more efficiently use dolphins underwater”.

Four years later and it seems little has come of these supposed Russian plans and most of the dolphins have died. But this week Boris Babin, the Ukrainian government’s representative in Crimea, claimed that they did so defending their country. He said that the dolphins died “patriotically”, refusing to follow orders or eat food provided by the “Russian invaders” and that the hunger strike led to their eventual death.

He told the Ukranian Obozrevatel newspaper that the dolphins were more honourable than some human soldiers: “The trained animals refused not only to interact with the new Russian coaches, but refused food and died some time later. Many Ukrainian soldiers took their oath and loyalty much less seriously than these dolphins.”
get thee to the library before the c*nts close it down

we are a bunch of twats commenting on a website.

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #452 on: May 17, 2018, 11:00:55 am »
Meet the Bird Brainiacs: American Crow

Corvid expert John Marzluff scans crows’ brains to crack the mystery of what makes these smart birds so successful.

Offline kavah

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #453 on: May 17, 2018, 11:46:06 am »
^ great that, I've just started The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman and his work is heavily referenced in it. The ritual/ceremony of the Corvid Irish Wake :D - remarkable

You can't help but conclude that we are just ingenious, crow-like apes.


And I think we should all make our gardens, yards and balconies more appealing to bird life.

...But the study suggests that we could treat backyards more seriously as bird refuges. We can replace lawns with native vegetation, and provide food. We can mark windows so birds don’t fly into them, and keep cats indoors. We can maintain dead trees for birds to nest in, or set out nesting boxes. It’s more than feel-goodism. Bigger suburban bird populations will have better chances to survive the monumental threat of climate change.

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #454 on: May 17, 2018, 12:00:09 pm »
I've just started The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman

Will keep an eye out for that.

Offline classycarra

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #455 on: May 17, 2018, 12:44:09 pm »
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/16/ukraine-claims-dolphin-army-captured-by-russia-went-on-hunger-strike

Ukraine is home to some of the more adventurous military blue-sky thinking, mostly hangovers from the Soviet era. As well as a 160-metre high, 500-metre long radar that was supposed to be able to warn of nuclear attack, it also has a secret programme that trains sea mammals to carry out military tasks. Ukraine has a dolphin army at the Crimean military dolphin centre, trained and ready for deployment.


Son of a bitch, I am sick of these dolphins

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #456 on: June 8, 2018, 12:00:13 pm »

Offline Corkboy

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Offline kavah

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #458 on: September 14, 2018, 09:53:08 pm »
Azure-winged magpies show human-like generosity

Magpies are smart. One of the species along with African grey parrots that demonstrate a form of self-awareness, once thought restricted to humans, by recognizing themselves in mirrors.

I looked up Magpies in the book I mentioned a few posts up, but was taken with this little piece about crows and cockatoos regarding delayed gratification, like those experiments they did on children with the promise of two treats later or one immediately:

cockatoos offered a pecan would wait up to 80 seconds for a more delicious treat of a cashew. The cockatoos held the reward in their beaks directly against their taste organs during the entire delay ... (Imagine a child doing that with a raisin waiting for chocolate.) Crows will wait several minutes for a better treat !!

The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman





« Last Edit: September 14, 2018, 09:59:24 pm by kavah »

Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #459 on: September 14, 2018, 11:37:34 pm »
That's funny. I read some piece recently that said the most accurate predictor of success in business (among humans) was the ability to delay gratification.

Offline kavah

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #460 on: September 15, 2018, 07:52:17 pm »
On a similar theme in the NY times

A test of four different species shows they can accurately assign value to food and tokens, swapping lower value items for higher value food. ... offered various choices, like a piece of corn or the ring. They all reliably chose to forego the corn and take the ring. Then they were able to trade the ring for a piece of walnut.

A cool video clip with this - the green parrot at the end can't make a decision :D

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/11/science/what-makes-parrots-so-smart.html?action=click&module=Discovery&pgtype=Homepage

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #461 on: September 15, 2018, 09:16:17 pm »
Poor old Shouty.

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Offline BobOnATank

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #463 on: October 10, 2018, 11:45:06 pm »
An example of the intelligence of Killer Whales protecting their young https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zXMxBtBPJo

WARNING: this is from Blackfish so scenes of animal cruelty are in the clip. Disgusting but important to understand what was done and how/why we have to prevent it from ever happening again. If you can stomach it, it is a great documentary.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #464 on: October 28, 2018, 10:48:33 pm »
Crows, so smart.


...the birds worked out within five minutes how to fit two pieces together into a pole long enough to push the morsel out of an opening in the side of the container.

faster than chimpanzees!


https://www.ft.com/content/5cf8b776-d611-11e8-ab8e-6be0dcf18713


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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #466 on: February 9, 2019, 01:01:34 am »
Can you beat a bee through a maths maze? What arithmetical bees could mean for AI

Anyone who has seen a honeycomb knows bees can understand geometry, but now there is proof their tiny brains are also capable of learning basic arithmetic — and it could have implications for AI developers.

The experiment used special colour-coded mazes that presented the subjects with a maths problem and two possible answers.

The bees learned, over hundreds of trials, to either add or subtract one element from a number between one and five to select the correct path in the Y-shaped maze.

They earned a reward of sugar water when they made a correct choice, but received a bitter quinine solution if they chose wrong.

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-07/smart-bees-arithmetic-brains-research-rmit/10790470
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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #467 on: April 26, 2019, 06:10:57 am »
So it begins......

<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/z8f1_c6OToI" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/z8f1_c6OToI</a>
Don't blame me I voted for Jeremy Corbyn!!

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“I carry them with me: what they would have thought and said and done. Make them a part of who I am. So even though they’re gone from the world they’re never gone from me.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #468 on: April 26, 2019, 06:40:40 am »
Can you beat a bee through a maths maze? What arithmetical bees could mean for AI

Anyone who has seen a honeycomb knows bees can understand geometry, but now there is proof their tiny brains are also capable of learning basic arithmetic — and it could have implications for AI developers.

The experiment used special colour-coded mazes that presented the subjects with a maths problem and two possible answers.

The bees learned, over hundreds of trials, to either add or subtract one element from a number between one and five to select the correct path in the Y-shaped maze.

They earned a reward of sugar water when they made a correct choice, but received a bitter quinine solution if they chose wrong.

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-07/smart-bees-arithmetic-brains-research-rmit/10790470

That’s a dreadful first line. Bees don’t understand geometry anymore than a tree understands fractals or a bubble understands why it’s spherical. The hexagons in honeycombs developed because they are the most naturally efficient structure for a stack of cells and if you actually look closely they are stacked tubes not perfect hexagons. If you stack a load of pipes then they naturally create that pattern.

The rest of the article is interesting but it doesn’t help to use words like ‘understand’ when they aren’t appropriate.
 
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Offline Corkboy

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #469 on: May 17, 2019, 11:33:36 am »

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #470 on: May 17, 2019, 01:41:58 pm »
Crow starts a fight to get some nosh

That is brilliant. I can almost here it saying "what ? wasn`t me mate"
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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #471 on: May 23, 2019, 12:15:31 pm »
African wild dog populations in the Okavango Delta have been observed "rallying" before they set out to hunt. Not every rally results in a departure, but departure becomes more likely when more individual dogs "sneeze". These sneezes are characterized by a short, sharp exhale through the nostrils. When members of dominant mating pairs sneeze first, the group is much more likely to depart. If a dominant dog initiates, around three sneezes guarantee departure. When less dominant dogs sneeze first, if enough others also sneeze (about 10), then the group will go hunting. Researchers assert that wild dogs in Botswana, "use a specific vocalization (the sneeze) along with a variable quorum response mechanism in the decision-making process [to go hunting at a particular moment]".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_wild_dog#Sneeze_communication_and_%22voting%22

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Offline The Gulleysucker

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #474 on: September 6, 2019, 12:44:56 am »
We can tell where a whale has travelled from the themes in its song

Beautiful and thought provoking.

Not sure if you saw this (or can, it's Beeb IPlayer) but this programme the other week was fascinating and well worth a watch.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m0007snt/natural-world-20192020-5-the-octopus-in-my-house

There's a world of fellow sentient lifeforms out there that we share this planet with and that have some remarkable abilities that we seem to only just be starting to grasp.



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Right you fuckwit I will show you why you are talking out of your fat arse...

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #475 on: October 4, 2019, 01:57:44 pm »
Researchers “Translate” Bat Talk. Turns Out, They Argue—A Lot

Plenty of animals communicate with one another, at least in a general way—wolves howl to each other, birds sing and dance to attract mates and big cats mark their territory with urine. But researchers at Tel Aviv University recently discovered that when at least one species communicates, it gets very specific. Egyptian fruit bats, it turns out, aren’t just making high pitched squeals when they gather together in their roosts. They’re communicating specific problems, reports Bob Yirka at Phys.org.

According to Ramin Skibba at Nature, neuroecologist Yossi Yovel and his colleagues recorded a group of 22 Egyptian fruit bats, Rousettus aegyptiacus, for 75 days. Using a modified machine learning algorithm originally designed for recognizing human voices, they fed 15,000 calls into the software. They then analyzed the corresponding video to see if they could match the calls to certain activities.

They found that the bat noises are not just random, as previously thought, reports Skibba. They were able to classify 60 percent of the calls into four categories. One of the call types indicates the bats are arguing about food. Another indicates a dispute about their positions within the sleeping cluster. A third call is reserved for males making unwanted mating advances and the fourth happens when a bat argues with another bat sitting too close. In fact, the bats make slightly different versions of the calls when speaking to different individuals within the group, similar to a human using a different tone of voice when talking to different people. Skibba points out that besides humans, only dolphins and a handful of other species are known to address individuals rather than making broad communication sounds. The research appears in the journal Scientific Reports.

“We have shown that a big bulk of bat vocalizations that previously were thought to all mean the same thing, something like ‘get out of here!’ actually contain a lot of information,” Yovel tells Nicola Davis at The Guardian. By looking even more carefully at stresses and patterns, Yovel says, researchers may be able to tease out even more subtleties in the bat calls.

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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #478 on: November 6, 2019, 05:06:51 pm »
Big shout out to Corkboy's work in this thread. Some fascinating reads here ;D
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Re: How Intelligent Are Other Animals?
« Reply #479 on: July 4, 2020, 05:32:33 pm »
dolphin chases a fish into an empty shell, brings it to the surface and shakes the fish out of the shell and into its mouth

The smart dolphins of Western Australia



https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/25/science/dolphins-shells-learning.html?surface=home-discovery-vi-prg&fellback=false&req_id=582979550&algo=identity&imp_id=983417576&action=click&module=Science%20%20Technology&pgtype=Homepage